Let 
be an agglomeration function for the pollutant effects
on individuals residing at 
. If the cytodynamic model is
used, this effect quantification measures the overall effect of the
pollutant under consideration on one individual only. From the viewpoint
of a health care decision maker, it is therefore important to incorporate
the pollutant effect on the whole population. Fortunately, this poses no
problem. Suppose that we have given a
population density function 
,
for all . The objective function to be minimized
is then given by
Obviously, to evaluate f we do not only need to evaluate 
at several points, but we also need a numerical integration routine.
Since in the present version of OLAF the pollutant concentration
and the health effect function is computed on a fixed Cartesian grid of
size 
with grid points 
, the
integral in (5.2) can be replaced by the weighted
sum over all grid points considered, where the weights are 1/NM.